Ring grinding machine



Sept. 20, 1932. DEUTSCH 1,878,116

- RING GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 7. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 1' 2 l8 /4 226:]. 27 [5 I v O w 7/4fA7Z9/7' I fi/rz 050760? Sept. 20, 1932. E 1,878,116

RING GRINDING MACHINE WW6 fi rmmef P 20, 1 F. DEUTSCH RING GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. '7, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Sept. 20, 1932. u sc 1,878,116

RING GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 7. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 mm nu .j' I 41- V Sept. 20, 1932. DEUTSCH 1,878,116

RING GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 7. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 kueqf/P I /8 K 22 M 'Z/W W I fir/7'27 0.547250% Patented Sept. 20, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FRITZ DEUTSCH, OF GERMANTQWN, TENNESSEE, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TO -LEHMANN MACHINE COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, Al CORPORATION OI MISSOURI RING GRINDING MACHINE Application filed November 7, 1927. Serial No. 231,520.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for grinding rings and more especlally to machines for grinding plston rings.

The machine shown in the accompanying drawings is primarily designed for grinding rings for use on automobile engine pistons and is especially designed to grind the interings for automobile engines are concerned,

it is customary to cast individual rings which are later trued up on both the inner and outer surfaces and on both ends. In accomplishing this one of the steps is to grind the inner surfaces of the ring to remove all the inequalities of the casting and to bring the interior of the ring to the desired cylindrical, or other form, and then to grind the exterior of the ring sothat the wall thickness will be uniform. It is in the accomplishing of these latter two steps only that the present machine is used.

Among the objects of the present invention, are (a) To provide means for grinding the exterior and interior surfaces of piston rings or similar articles and during such operations for compensating for the inequalities of the exterior surfaces thereof; (b) To provide meansfor adjusting the machine to care for varying ring diameters; (c) Specifically, to provide means for grinding the exterior surfaces of rucharticles and for limiting the thickness of the wall thereof; '(d) To pro vide means whereby more fully to realize the advantages of adjustability in yielda'blysupporting the work, in controlling the pressure of frictional drivingcontact that keeps the work moving, in regulating the pressure with which the work may be held without distortion against the grinding instrumentality, and in determining efi'ective grinding limit as I expressed by thickness of the work when finished; and

(e) To generally improve the design and construction of such a machine.

(f) To provide means for supporting the rings prior to grinding out of contact with the grinding ring rotating means, and concurrently contacting them with the driving and grinding means.

The means by which the foregoing and other objects are accomplished and the manner of their accomplishment will readily be understood from the accompanying drawings on reference to the following specification, in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of one end of the machine.

- Fig. 2 is an elevation of the opposite end i of the machine.

Fig. 3 is a plan of the machine.

Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of the upper portion of the machine taken on the line IV IV of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 5 is aside elevation of the machine with a portion of the same broken away to show the action of the reciprocatory actuat-' ing means.

Fig. 6 is a sectional plan taken on the line VIVI of Fig. 5, looking downward, and showing the reciprocatory mechanism.

Fig. 7 is asectional elevation taken on the line VII-VII of Fig. 5, looking in the direction of the arrow, showing the machine with dual grinding ternal grinder.

Fig. 8 is an identical'section, with one of heads and operating as an in-.

the grinding wheels removed and a steel roller substituted therefor, and'with the machine operating as an exterior grinding machine. I

Referring now to the drawings in which the various parts are indicated by numerals, the

machine comprises abed 10, which preferably is supported by legs 11. Extending upward from the bed 10 are brackets 12 in which brackets a driving shaft 13 is j ournalle'd. 14 is a belt pulley keyed or otherwise suitably secured tothis driving shaft, and 15 a gear likewise secured to the same. shaft.

Meshing with the gear 15 are a pair 'of gears 16, 17 respectively which gears are of the same size though not necessarily of' equal size with the gear 15. These gears are mounted on and secured to shafts 18 and 19 respectively, which shafts are j ournalled in bearings 20, 21, and

' driven at equal speeds.

' tudinal guides 32, in which guides a head 33.

. of which is secured a gear .39.

extend through and beyond the bearings and carry cylindrical rollers 22, 23 respectively. These rollers are identical in size and are The exterior cylindrical surfaces of these rollers 22 and 23 are of elastic material such as rubber, and are the means for rotating or driving the rings, which are to beground. By virtue of the elastic facing they permit any unevenpart I m of the rings rough from the foundry, or any local excrescences thereon, to momentarily embed in the rollers during such driving.

. The bearings and 21 are each earned by pairs of arms 24, 25 respectively, which arms may be turned about the exterior surfaces of the hubs 26 in which the bearings for the shaft 13 are formed. Y The arms 24 (see Fig. 4) are connected by links 27, and the arms 25 by links 28 with a yoke'29, which yoke may be ,reciprocated toward or away from the shaft 13 by a screw 30, so that when the yoke 29 is shifted toward the shaft 13 the bearings 20 and 21 are swung about the shaft. and come closer together, thus bringing the rubber faced driving rollers closer together and at the same time retaining the gears 16 and 17 in mesh with the driving gear15, and conversely when t the yoke 29 ismoved away from the shaft 13 these rollers are drawn further apart but the gears are still retained in mesh. 31 is a supporting bracket secured to the base 10 and car-i rying the screw 30. At the opposite end of the bed 10, are long1- is reciprocatably mounted. Integral with and depending from this head a bracket 34 (Fig. 5). 35 is an arm clamped in this bracket and projecting forward therefrom toward the driving end of the machine. Mounted in theend of this arm, is a ball 36 freely rotata ble, which ball bears against a cam 37, which is, secured to a shaft38, tothe opposite end are bearings inthe bed 10, in which the shaft 38 is journalled. The gear, 39 (see Fig. 1) meshes with an idler gear 41, which gear is driven by the driving gear 15. The opposite end of the arm 35 pro ects and may reciprocate within a hollow screw 42, and between the end of the screw 42 and the brack-v e6 34a coiled spring 43is interposed. The tinsion 'of this spring may be regulated by t e hand wheel 44 through the screw 42. R0- tation of the gear 15 actin through the gears 41 and 39 causes the cam 3 and the spring 43 to impart a reciprocatorfy motion to the bracket 34 and through it to the head 33.

For theputside grinding of the ring, guides 45 are transversely secured'on the head 33 and in these'guides, a bracket 46 is adjustably mounted, this adjustment being secured by means of a screw '47., Bolted to the bracket 46, is a bearing 48, in which is journalled a shaft 49 which shaft is axially parallel with the shafts 18 and "19. On one end ofthis shaft is secured a pulley 50 which may be driven at-high speed as by a belt 51. On the opposite end of the shaft is a grinding wheel 52. This grinding wheel may therefore be adjusted toward or away from the rubber rollers 22, 23, b means of the screw 47.

On the opposite side of the bed are guides 53, which guides serve to secure a head 54to the base 10. Transversely mounted on the head 54, are guides 55, in which guides a bracket 56 is reciprocatably mounted. The reciprocation of the bracket 56 is accomplished by the means of a hand lever 57 pivotedly secured to the bed as by the bolt 58 and connected by pivoted links 59 to the bracket 56'.

For grinding the inside of rings, a I

bearing 60 is secured to the bracket 56. 61 is a shaft mounted in this bearing with its axis parallel to that of the'previously de-, scribed sha On one end of this shaft is a belt pulley 62 and on the opposite end thereof a grinding wheel 63 which may be driven as by the belt 64.

Secured to. the bearing 60 is a. bracket 65 to which is secured a ring support 66, this ring support being disposed immediately above the grinding wheel 63 andbeing'vertically adjustable toward and away therefrom.

During inside grinding the grinding wheel 52 is not in use and may be, as shown in Fig. 7 moved away from the grinding wheel 63 in order not to interfere therewith, or may be entirely removed if it be so desired.

1 For outside grinding the bearing 60 with a slot 71 in the head 56 and into the head 54.

The group of rings 72 to be ground may be held against longitudinal movement by a lever 73 one end of whichmay rest against a projection 74 from the bed 10 and the opposite end'be held by hand.

It will of course be understood that the bearings herein described may beplain bearings or ball or roller bearings as may be preferred. O

'In using the machine thepulley 14 is set inmotion through the driving belt therefor and the grinding wheel head 63 is likewise put in operation. A group of rings 72 to be ground are slipped over this rapidly turning-grinding wheel and supported there above on the ring support 66. The hand lever 57 is then shiftedto carry the grinding wheel 63 and 1 ft-he rings supported there above and toengage them with the rubber covered rollers 22, 23.v When this is done the rubber rollers will grip the outer surface of the rings and rotate the rings at a moderate speed as in the direction shown by the arrows in Fig. 7. The grinding wheel 63 is rotated in an opposite direction as for instance in the direction indicated by the arrow thereon in Fig. 7. The frictional grip of the rubber being greater than the abrading grip of the grinding wheel, the entire inner surface of the rings will be successively brou ht in contact with the grinding wheel, and t e grinding is kept up until a sufficient amount of material is removed from the interior of the rings to true them up. During such operation, all the minor inequalities in the exterior surfaces of the rings will be equalized by the yielding surfaces of the elastic rubber rollers and any such inequalities on the inner surfaces of the rings will be removed by the abrading wheel. When the inner surfaces ofthe rings have been trued up the hand lever 57 is retracted and the grinding wheel with the rings there around drawn away from the rubber rollers, when. this has been done the rings again hang from the ring support 66 and their rotation ceases permitting them to be withdrawn over the end of the grinding wheel and a new set to be placed into position for grinding.

' When the inner grinding operation has been performed on a sufficient number of rings, the assembly carrying the steel-roller 69 may be bolted in the place of the assembly carrying the grinding wheel 63. One or more of the rings which have been innenground are then placed on the steel roller 69 and the hand lever 57 is shifted to bring the bracket 56 against the stop. The rollers 22, 23 are then adjusted, if they have notbeen previously adjusted, by means ofthe screw 30, closer together or further apart as the case may be until they bring the rings firmly against the steel roller 69, being their desired position for outside grinding. The rings are then removed and the outside grinding wheel is adjusted by means of the screw 47 toward the steel roller until the space between the grind-' ing wheel and the steel roller represents the desired thickness of ring. The hand lever 57 is then withdrawn and the machine is ready for the outside grinding operations The rubber rollers and the grinding wheel 52 are then set in motion, this motion as in the preceding case being in opposite directions, so that the movement of the rollers is in directions opposite to the movement of the grinding wheel. A group of rings is then placed on the steel roller and the same is pushed forward until the outer surfaces of the rings contact with the surface of the grinding wheel 52, and grinding is continued until the steel roller reaches its innermost position. at which time the rings will have been ground to the desired thickness. The lever 57 is then retracted, the rings removed from the steel roller, an additional set placed thereon, and the operation repeated.

ternally a plurality of rings, driven rotatable members relatively movable into frictional engagement with the outer peripheries of said rings to rotate said rings and in cooperation with said first rotatable member to firmly support said rings, the points of support all lying on one s ide of a diameter of said rings and means relatively movable into contact with the outer peripheries of said rings to do work thereon with said first rotatable mem her as an abutment.

2. In a machine for processing rings, a rotatable mandrel for loosely supporting a plurality of rings, means for imparting translatory movement to said mandrel, spaced rotatable means movable relatively to said mandrel and independently of movement of said mandrel for frictionally engaging the periph- During the grinding the cam 37 is constantly reciprocating the head 33 and thereby coneries of said rings to rotate said rings while I in contact with said mandrel, common means for driving said rotatable means, and means movable relatively to said mandrel to process said rings while held against said mandrel as an abutment.

3. In a machine for processing rings, a rotatable mandrel for loosely supporting internally a plurality of rings, driven resilient faced rollers spaced on each side of said mandrel and parallel thereto movable relatively thereto and independently thereof into engagement with the outer peripheries of said rings to drive the same while pressed against said mandrel and means movable relative to said mandrel into engagement with said rings to process the same.

4. In a ring processing machine, the combination with'a freely rotatable member for loosely supporting'a plurality of rings, of ring driving means comprising a pair of driven resilient faced rollers movable relatively to but independently of said member to cooperate therewith in forming a three point support for said rings on one side of a diameter thereof and to rotate said rings by frictional contact with the outer peripheries thereof.

5. In a piston ring processing machine, the combination with a freely rotatable mandrel I combination with a freely rotatable mandrel for internally supporting a plurality of piston rings of larger diameter than said mandrel, of means for driving said mandrel comprising a pair of rubber faced rollers parallel to said mandrel and movable relatively thereto to provide therewith three point suspension of said rings, a driven shaft, members pivotal about said shaft and supporting said rollers for rotation and constantly meshing gears carried by said shaft and rollers to drive said rollers and through frictional engagement of said rollers with said rings to rotate said rings and said mandrel.

-.7. In a ring grinder, grinding'means, ring rotating means, driving means for each thereof, means for supporting rings around said grinding means and out of contact with said grinding and driving means, and means for shifting said ring rotating means into driving contact with said rings to disengage them from said support and contact them with said grinding means.

8. In a grinding machine, cushion faced driving rollers horizontally disposed in parallelism and adjustable toward and away from each other, means for driving the peripheries of said rollers in the same direction at equal rates of speed, a grinding wheel disposed parallel with said driving rollers and equidistant therefrom, means for driving said grinding wheel, means for longitudinally reciprocating said wheel, means for supporting a plurality of rings around said grinding wheel and out of contact therewith when said wheel is retracted from said driving rollers, means for moving said grinding wheel laterally to bring the outer surfaces of said rings against said driving rollers and to thereby disengage said rings from said ring supporting means, and means for holding saidrings against longitudinal displacement relative to said rollers.

'- cylindrical driving rollers horizontally disposed in parallelism and adjustable toward rings around'said grinding wheel and out of 9. In a grinding machine, cushion faced contact therewith when said wheel isre tracted from said driving rollers, means for moving said grinding wheel laterally to bring the outer surfaces of said rings against said drivin rollers and to thereby disengage said rings rom said ring supporting means.

10. In a grinding machine, elastic faced cylindrical driving rollers, horizontally disgrinding wheel and cut of contact therewith when said wheel is retracted from said driving rollers, means for moving said grinding wheel laterally to bring the outer surfaces of said rings against said driving rollers and to thereby disengagesaid rings from said ring supporting means.

11. In a ring grinding machine, a pair of resilient faced ring-driving rolls spaced apart and having parallel axes, Iheans for driving said rolls, means for moving said rolls bodily about a common axis, a grinding wheel disposed parallel to and laterally opposite said driving rolls, means for driving said grinding wheel, a rotatably mounted mandrel disposed parallel to and laterally oppositesaid grindingwheeland rolls, and means for relatively moving said mandrel toward said grinding wheel and rolls, whereby a ring may be placed on said mandrel and be brought into driving contact with said rolls and abrasive contact with said grinding wheel.

12. In a grinding machine, a grinding wheel, a worlrsupporting mandrel, a movable work table carrying said grinding wheel and transversely reciprocable with reference to the arc of saidgrinding wheel, a base, a carriage slidably mounted thereon provided with said work carrying mandrel and movable toward and away from said grinding wheel, means for moving said carriage and mandrel to bring thework carried by the latter into contact with the grinding wheel, means for driving the work by frictional contact including two adjustably mounted rolls of yieldable material whose resiliency'ofisets or compensates for eccentricity and surface inequalities in the work, means for varying the pressure with which the rolls are made to bear on the work and hold said work to the work supporting mandrel while driving said work, work guiding means for. keeping the work in line with the endwise positioning of the work holding mandrel, and means for rotatin the adjustably mounted work driving frictlon rolls.

13. In a ring grinding machine, a grinding wheel, a support therefor mounted for reciprocation axially of said grinding wheel, a mandrel for adj ustably supporting the work to be ground, a sliding carriage supporting said mandrel and movable towards and away from the face of the grinding wheel, end guiding means for holding work in line on the work supporting mandrel, a pair of friction drive rolls adjustably mounted parallel to and spaced from said mandrel, means for varying the contacting pressure with which said friction drive rolls are made to bear upon the work to drive and hold said Work in a manner favorable to accurate grinding and means for driving the friction rolls in conjunction with means for actuating other elements of the machine. I In testimony whereof I hereunto aifix no signature.

FRITZ DEUTSCH. 

